Spectrum of anti-inflammatory, anti-infectious and anti-tumor activity of quinazoline and quinazolinone derivatives (review)

Abstract

A new class of medicinal compounds - derivatives of quinazoline and quinazolinone have been actively studied in recent years, on their basis drugs with polyvalent influence are created. The concept of multifunctional agents is being actively developed and has yielded encouraging results. In clinical practice, many highly active quinazoline and quinazolinone derivatives extracted from plants, bacteria, fungi are used. Quinazoline and quinazolinone cycles are unique pharmacophore groups contributing to the structure and activity of drugs widely used in medical practice. The aim of the study: Analysis of current literature data on studies of anti-inflammatory, anti-infectious, anti-tumor activity of quinazoline and quinazolinone derivatives. Materials and methods: A theoretical analysis of the published results of studying the pharmacological effects of quinazoline and quinazolinone derivatives with various substituents was carried out, the search was carried out according to works in the public domain in the PubMed, Elibrary, Scopus databases. When analyzing the literature data, special attention was paid to systematic reviews and meta-analyses of the results of scientific research. Results: The most common derivatives are 4 (3H) -quinazolinone. For quinazoline and quinazolinone derivatives, anti-inflammatory effects in paw edema, ischemic brain damage, neuroinflammation, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, osteoarthrosis are indicated. The anti-infectious effect of the compounds on the causative agents of diseases is described: viral (Varicella Zoster Viruses, Cytomegalovirus, HIV, SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, Chikungunya), bacterial (gram-negative and gram-positive clinically pathogenic strains), protozoal (N. fowleri, B. mandrillaris, Acanthamoeba castellanii, P. falciparum, Trypanosoma brucei, Leishmania infantum), fungal. Antitumor derivatives shown in cancer of various organs and systems have been established. For many derivatives, the mechanisms of virucidal, antimicrobial, antiprotozoal, fungicidal, antiblastoma actions have been investigated. Conclusion: The interest shown in quinazoline and quinazolinone derivatives with anti-infectious, anti-inflammatory, cytostatic effects is colossal and continues to grow. The study of new derivatives of this series as compounds with polypharmacological activity is relevant, can contribute to increasing the effectiveness of drug treatment in patients with inflammatory, infectious and tumor diseases, will reduce the number of prescribed drugs, the frequency and severity of their side effects.