Central serous retinopathy: A cohort study of residents of the North Caucasus Federal District

Abstract

This cohort study investigated central serous retinopathy (CSR) among residents of the North Caucasus Federal District, a region with unique demographic, socioeconomic, and healthcare characteristics. The available diagnostic charts of patients from ophthalmological centers in this area were analyzed, followed by a survey of 544 individuals (514 men and 30 women). Of the 544 patients surveyed, only 32 reported the absence of constant stress, 114 patients reported the absence of bad habits and concomitant diseases. 62 heavy smokers and 34 alcohol addicts were identified. More than 30% suffer from ENT diseases, more than 20% from skin diseases, and the same number from high blood pressure. The most commonly used medications are corticosteroids (30.5%), decongestants (14.7%), and muscle relaxants (8.8%). In most patients, the disease was unilateral (81.2%), with a single leak (84.93%) and a single episode (68.75%). The presence of bad habits, occupational predisposition, taking corticosteroids, decongestants and muscle relaxants directly affects the likelihood of the occurrence and development of central serous retinopathy. A direct correlation was also found between the patient's psychological state and the likelihood of central serous retinopathy. The presence of arterial hypertension (in 20% of patients) may contribute to the appearance and development of central serous retinopathy. Thus, multiple risk factors or concomitant pathological conditions were noted in 430 (79%) subjects.