A METHOD FOR MODELING ARTIFICIAL DENTURES IN PATIENTS WITH ADENTIA BASED ON INDIVIDUAL SIZES OF ALVEOLAR ARCHES AND CONSTITUTION TYPES

Abstract

87 persons of older age groups with complete adentia underwent somatometric (anthropometric) as well as biometric measurements with cast models of the toothless jaws. The linear and index somatometric parameters, and linear and index parameters for the upper jaw alveolar arches, were calculated. Alveolar arches were classified in view of the total sum of the diagonal dimensions (macro-, micro- and normodiagonal type), the arch index (brachy-, dolicho- and mesoarch type). Modelling the projected shape of the dental arch was based on the parameters of length (the sum of the alveolar arches diagonals multiplied by the 1.06 coefficient), width (the product of the width of the alveolar arches by a coefficient of 1.16). The depth of the dental arch frontal segment was calculated as the product of the diagonal by the incisor-canine angle sine, which in case of mesotrusion arches is 0.42 (angle value - 25 degrees), for protrusion arches - 0.5 (angle value - 30 degrees), for retrusion arches - 0.34 (angle value - 20 degrees).

Given the regularities of the circle geometry, the frontal segment dimensions served to determine the radius of the circle where the front teeth sat. The graphical method developed to construct the forecasted upper dental arch shape, based on the balance of the alveolar and dental arches major parameters, allows forecasting the optimal shape and size of the artificial dental arch, achieving a balanced relationship between the shapes of the teeth and the alveolar arches, as well as constructing a balanced articulatory relationship while achieving optimal functional and aesthetic results