Effectiveness of growing sorghum in the Altai territory

Abstract

Increasing the cultivation area of the most valuable crops, replacing unproductive varieties and hybrids with more productive ones is a significant reserve for strengthening the forage base and improving its quality. Despite the fact that the varieties and hybrids of sorghum of "North Caucasus Federal Agricultural Research Centre" breeding, which were studied in 2019-2020 in the Altai Territory, were inferior to local standards in terms of the duration of the growing season and seed yield, they significantly exceeded them in plant height, yield of green and dry matter, the content of digestible protein in 1 forage unit and metabolic energy. The average two-year rates indicate that the most significant plant height was found in the hybrid of sweet sorghum Yarik (240.5 cm) and the new sorghum-sudangrass hybrid Gvardeets (247 cm). The highest yield of green and dry matter were obtained from hybrids of sweet sorghum Yarik (43.0 t/ha and 12.8 t/ha, respectively), Silosnoe 88 (43.6 t/ha and 12.4 t/ha), variety Larets (43.4 t/ha and 12.7 t/ha), undergoing state variety testing Tandem (42.9 t/ha and 12.0 t/ha), as well as the new sorghum-sudangrass hybrid Gvardeets (40.3 t/ha and 11.1 t/ha). The standard Duplet provided 25.7 t/ha of green and 8.5 t/ha of dry matter during the experimental years. In comparison with the standard, these hybrids and varieties exceeded in the content of digestible protein in 1 kg of dry feed by 13-26 g, carotene by 13.9-115.9 g, forage units by 0.01-0.02.