An Overview of Modern Fully Homomorphic Encryption Schemes

Abstract

In this paper, research is carried out to ensure the security of cloud storages. The work is devoted to homomorphic encryption. Even though the very concept of homomorphic encryption appeared in the late 70s, a fully homomorphic encryption scheme was obtained only in 2009. Since that time, a variety of fully homomorphic encryption schemes have been developed. In this paper, we analyze the most popular encryption schemes, as well as their software implementations. As a result of the study, it was found that the most promising scheme is CKKS. This scheme can perform homomorphic arithmetic on rational numbers, and already has several software implementations distributed under a free license.