The Zakharov–Shabat Spectral Problem for Complexification and Perturbation of the Korteweg–de Vries Equation

Abstract

In this paper we consider examples of complex expansion (cKdV) and perturbation (pKdV) of the Korteweg–de Vries equation (KdV) and show that these equations have a representation in the form of the zero-curvature equation. In this case, we use the Lie algebra of 4-dimensional quadratic nilpotent matrices. Moreover, it is shown that the simplest possible matrix representation of this algebra leads to the possibility of constructing a countable number of conservation laws for these equations.