THE CONCEPT OF STATE SOVEREIGNTY: HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT AND ROLE IN THE MODERN WORLD ORDER

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of one of the most urgent questions of modern political science the question of state sovereignty. Taking into account the breadth of the question, the authors selected only a few issues as their object of study, that the most important from the point of view of their influence on the formation of statehood and the modern world order. The authors consider the following questions: the genesis of the idea of state sovereignty; analysis of the main problems of the implementation of ideas of state sovereignty in the modern world. These questions determined the scope of the entire scientific research of the authors. Noting that the aggravation of the problem of state sovereignty in the modern world is based on the processes of globalization, the authors turn to the ideological sources and content of current concepts of sovereignty as the antipode of globalization. With this end in view, the authors analize the theoretical concepts of J. Bodin, T. Hobbes, J. Locke and other thinkers of the past, as well as the views of modern scholars on the essence and typology of sovereignties. The influence of the conceptual development of the idea of state sovereignty on the process of folding of European statehood, in particular the Westphalian system, is explored in historical, political and legal aspects. In this article special focus is paid to the question of the correlation between the nominal and true sovereignties of states. There is a practical need to resolve this issue in connection with the situation in South Ossetia, Abkhazia, Transnistria, etc.

The authors suppose there are two main problems of the modern world order connected with sovereignty. On the one hand, it is "blurring" of the borders of state and national sovereignties, and on the other hand, it is the attempts of individual states, that are not satisfied with the modern world order, to isolate themselves from the rest of the world and find its own particular way. The authors believe that the further development of these tendencies poses a threat to the established world order.

Within the presented research, it was concluded that in the current world order no state has absolute sovereignty. Worldwide processes are actually managed by a small number of superpowers "center of power". But because of the processes of globalization, even the superpowers are compelled to seek compromises among themselves and negotiate, transferring some of their powers to supranational structures (such as the United Nations). In this regard, the role of supranational structures in the processes of limiting the sovereignties of modern states is analyzed