The combinational capacity of the lines and the level of heterosis in the hybrids of grain sorghum

Abstract

In 2015-2017 years. in the North Caucasian FNAC, 8 sterile mother lines, more than 20 father fertility reducers and 150 derived on their basis cereal sorghum hybrids studied the main economically valuable traits. In the 5 combinations obtained, the true heterosis shows a decrease in the duration of the sprout-budding period by 1-3 days compared to the average data of the parental forms. In a number of hybrids, this symptom increased for 3-6 days, and for some parents and hybrids, they were identical. In comparison with the average values of the parental forms, the true heterosis in some of the hybrids obtained was 15-42 cm, or 11.6-34.7%. Higher values were obtained by pollination with pollen from Er ;en and Garant. Variant Brownish 11C x L3631/93 except for high grain yield, size, weight of panicle and grain has a low harvesting moisture of grain (11.3%). A large grain yield (6.39 t / ha) was obtained in the hybrid A-10-12 x Ergen, with a combination of a considerable length of panicle (31 cm), a mass of 1000 grains (25.6 g), a panicle weight of 1 (61 g) and exit the legs of the panicle from the socket of the upper sheet (19 cm)