Application of laboratory and X-Ray gentral studies un early diagnostics of metabolic disturbances of bone tissue in children with autoimmune diabetes mellitus

Abstract

This article focused on the issues related to bone tissue diagnostics in the children with type I diabetes (with different length of disease history). The results of densitometry with automatic calculation of the Z-criterion, allowed evaluating the bone tissues' mineral density in the lumbar spine. The quantitative and qualitative specifics of the jaw bone tissue were based on orthopantomography and cone-beam computed tomography. The mineral and bone metabolism status was studied based on the laboratory-test data (total calcium, ionized calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, calcitonin, osteocalcin, parathyroid hormone, 25 OH vitamin D, beta-CrossLaps). The earlier stages of the disease were found to feature an increase in the bone tissue remodeling rate along with the escalating bone formation intensity. The children with a long history of type 1 diabetes revealed slower bone remodeling with the bone resorption dominating over the bone formation, as well as the significant decrease in the mineral density with the bone tissue structure demonstrating the dominance of the criteria like "within the expected age norm" and "the low mineral density with respect to the average age norm"