THE USE OF LOW-ARROW LANDS FOR LANDSCAPE AND TERRACE GARDENING ON THE SLOPES OF STAVROPOL REGION

Abstract

Background. The northern and north-eastern slopes of Stavropol regio, which are unsuitable for growing field crops have favorable natural and climatic conditions that meet the biological requirements of the sweet cherry crop. Modern agricultural production technology does not sufficiently take into account the needs of sweet cherry in well-drained soils, relatively low frost resistance and early flowering of varieties, self-fertility of the crop, high requirements for the selection and placement of pollinator varieties, as well as the organization of cross-pollination of flowers by various types of insects. Purpose. The aim was to work out the practical recommendations for growing cherries on low-arable slopes of the Stavropol region with a steepness of up to 15-20 degrees. Materials and methods. The researches were conducted from 2007 to 2024 on experimental production gentle slopes in the central and foothill zones of the Stavropol region. While designing the width of the terrace fabric, there were used the recommendations for the care of agricultural crops. The agroecological and biological potential of garden agrolandscapes was determined in accordance with the methods of variety study of fruit, berry and nut crops. Field studies were carried out according to the “Methodological recommendations for phytosanitary and toxicological monitoring of fruit species and berry bushes”. The yield was taken into account by the weight method. Results. The existing principles of pruning and crown formation are of little use in a cherry orchard. The possibility of implementing mechanized technologies for pruning and harvesting is not taken into account. Uneven precipitation only in cherries has catastrophic losses of fruit yield due to their cracking. Forecasting, prevention and dumping regulation of abiotic factors are rarely used. Conclusion. Recommendations are offered for the placement and formation of the structure of cherry plantations, crop care, the possibilities of reducing the cost price by improving the varietal composition and machine suitability of plantings are revealed.