Modification of the dental arch shape using graphic reproduction method and its clinical effectiveness in patients with occlusion anomalies

Abstract

Based on the results of the dentoalveolar system morphometry performed in patients with permanent teeth physiological occlusion we have developed a method for studying the anterior dental arch. It follows the circle of geometry patterns as well as stable values in the medial-distal dimensions of the front teeth crowns. In view of the mesial-distal dimensions of 14 teeth and dental arch width between the second molars and individually built radius of the circle we modified the method of dental arches graphic reproduction. The first stage of the dental arch individual shape graphic reproduction implies designing a dental pentagon, whereas its base is the width of the dental arch between the second molars, and the median sagittal line determines the depth of the dental arch. The upper sides of the pentagon (incisor-canine diagonals) run from the central interincisal point to the canine point, while the lower sides (canine-molar diagonals) connect the canine points to the molar points. At the second stage of the dental arch individual shape graphic reproduction, a circle is outlined, whose radius is related directly to the width of the anterior dental arch, and has an inverse relationship with its depth. There is a proof offered for clinical feasibility of the method employed to predict the optimal individual shape of the dental arch through graphic reproduction in patients with class I Angel occlusion issues. The study showed that the effectiveness of therapeutic and diagnostic measures for patients with abnormal shape and size of dental arches. It can be achieved if the sequence of the graphic construction stages is strictly followed